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Parma Cathedral

I suggest exploring the surrounding area after your visit; there are cute little cafes nearby where you can grab a coffee and soak in the vibes of Parma.

Don't miss the frescoes on the dome; they are breathtaking! Bring a small pair of binoculars if you have them for a closer look since it can be a bit hard to see all the details from below.

Check out the timing for the bells; they ring every hour but can be quite loud! I wasn't ready for the 12 PM chime and jumped out of my skin.

Arriving at around 9 AM is a game changer; you beat the crowds and get some peaceful shots of the stunning interior without a million heads in the way!
Cittadella di Parma

I suggest wearing comfortable shoes because you'll be strolling around a lot. The cobblestones can be tough on your feet, especially if you're planning to explore every corner. Trust me, you don't want blisters ruining your day.

My advice is to pack a picnic and enjoy it in the grassy areas. There are some lovely spots where you can chill and watch the world go by without spending a euro on food.

I think visiting later in the afternoon, say around 4 PM, is a great idea. The crowds thin out a bit, and you can snap some awesome photos without loads of other people in the background.
Palazzo della Pilotta
Shrine of Santa Maria della Steccata
Parma Baptistery
San Giovanni Evangelista
Governor's Palace

I suggest getting there around 9 AM before the crowds hit. You'll have more time to appreciate the stunning details without jostling for a view. Plus, it's cooler in the morning!

I recommend checking out the little cafe nearby for a quick espresso after touring. It's a great spot to relax and prices are way better than the ones inside the palace!